 |
 |
The subcontinent of India lies in south Asia, between Pakistan, China and Nepal. To the north it is bordered by the world's highest mountain chain, where foothill valleys cover the northernmost of the country's 26 states. Its beaches provide lazy sun-bathing as well as wind surfing and snorkeling, and its jungles provide shooting wildlife -with a camera. As a consequence of India's size, the history of the country has seldom been the same for two adjoining territories, and its great natural wealth has lured a succession of traders and foreign influences to it, each having left their imprint in the country,. Modern India is home alike to the tribal with his anachronistic lifestyle and to the sophisticated urban jetsetter.
|
|
It is a land where temple elephants exist amicably with the microchip. Its ancient monuments are the backdrop for the world's largest democracy. Today, fishermen along the country's coastline fashion simple fishing boats in a centuries old tradition while, a few miles away, motor vehicles glide off conveyor belts in state-of-the-art factories.
|
|
|
|
| Land area: |
1,147,949 sq mi (2,973,190 sq km)
T otal area: 1,269,346 sq mi (3,287,590 sq km)
|
Population:
(2006 est.) |
1,095,351,995 (growth rate: 1.4%)
Birth rate: 22.0/1000
Infant mortality rate: 54.6/1000
Life expectancy: 64.7
Density per sq mi: 954
|
Capital :
2003 est.) |
New Delhi, 15,334,000 (metro. area), 9,817,439 (city proper) |
| Other large cities: |
Bombay (Mumbai) 18,336,000 (metro. area), 11,914,398 (city proper)
Calcutta (Kolkata) 14,299,000 (metro. area), 4,760,800 (city proper)
Bangalore 4,461,100
Madras (Chennai) 4,382,100
Ahmedabad 3,653,700
Hyderabad 3,585,600
Kanpur 2,631,800
|
| Monetary unit: |
Rupee |
| Languages: |
Hindi 30%, English, Bengali, Gujarati, Kashmiri, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Punjabi, Tamil, Telugu, Urdu, Kannada, Assamese, Sanskrit, Sindhi (all official); Hindi/Urdu; 1,600+ dialects
|
| Ethnicity/race: |
Indo-Aryan 72%, Dravidian 25%, Mongoloid and other 3% (2000)
|
| Religions: |
Hindu 81%, Islam 13%, Christian 2%, Sikh 2% (2001)
|
Literacy rate:
(2003 est.) |
60%
|
|
|